Branches Of Medicine: Outline Of Medicine

There are different branches of medicine. These branches of medicine are:
1. Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
2. Paediatrics.
3. Internal Medicine.
4. Surgery.
5. Psychiatry.
1. OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY.
Obstetrics is the study and care of the pregnant woman and her attendant problems till delivery. The doctor who specialise in this study is called an Obstetrician.
Gynaecology is the study of the problems of a non-pregnant woman that has to do with her ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina and the vulva. The doctor Who specialise in this study is called a Gynaecologist.
2. PAEDIATRICS.
This is the study of the diseases of children. The doctor who specialize in this study is called a Paediatrician. Some paediatricians specialize in the diseases affecting children in the first twenty-eight days of life (neonates). These group of paediatricians are called Neonatologists.
3. INTERNAL MEDICINE.
This is the study of the diseases of the adults. A doctor who specialize in this study is called a Physician. It has a very wide area of study and has the following units.
a. Neurology: The study of diseases of the brain. The physician who specialize in this study is called a Neurologist.
b. Respiratory Medicine: The study of the diseases of the respiratory tract.
c. Cardiology: The study of the diseases of the heart. The physician who specialize in this study is called a Cardiologist.
d. Nephrology: The study of the diseases of the kidney. The physician who specialize in this study is called a Nephrologists.
e. Gastrenterology: The study of the disease of the gastro-internal tract. The physician who specializes in this study is called Gestroenterologist.
f. Haematology: The study of the diseases of the blood. The physician who specialise in this study is called Hematologist.
g. Dermatology: The study of diseases of the skin. The physician who specialise in this study is called Dermatologist.
h. Endocrinology: The study of the diseases of endocrine glands. The physician who specialize in this study is called Endocrinologist.
4. SURGERY.
This branch of medicine involves the opening up of tissues or organs to remove an identified problem. it is commonly referred to as “Operation”. A doctor who specialize in surgery is called a Surgeon. There are different units of surgery and they include:
a. Neuro-Surgery: This is surgery of the brain. The surgeon who operates in the brain is called a Neuro Surgery.
b. Ophthalmology: The study of the eye and its diseases and how to operate on the eye. The surgeon who specialize in the eye is called Ophthalmologist.
c. ENT (Ear, Nose, and Throat): The surgeon that specializes in the operation of the ear, nose, and throat is called Otorhinolaryngologist.
d. Cardiology: The study of the heart and its diseases and how to operate on the heart. The surgeon who specialize in this study is called a Cardiac Surgeon.
e. Urology: The study of the urinary system and its diseases and how to operate on it. The surgeon who specialize in this study is called a Urologist.
f. Orthopaedics: The study of the bones and its diseases and how to operate on them. The surgeon who specialize in this study is called an Orthopaedic Surgeon.
g. Burn and Plastic: The study of the treatment of burns and surgical cosmetics repairs. The surgeon who specialize in this is called Burns and Plastic Surgeon.
5. PSYCHIATRY.
Psychiatry is the branch of medicine involve on the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of mental, emotional and behavioral disorders. A doctor who specialize in this study is called a Psychiatrist.